Kiyomizu-dera, officially known as Otowa-san Kiyomizu-dera, is a historic and iconic Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan. Its name translates to "Pure Water Temple" in English, and it is renowned for its wooden stage that offers panoramic views of Kyoto and its beautiful wooden architecture. The temple is one of Kyoto's UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is a significant cultural and historical landmark.
Foundation and Early History:
Kiyomizu-dera's history dates back to the early days of the Heian period in Japan. According to historical records, the temple was founded in 778 by the monk Enchin on the site of the Otowa Waterfall. Enchin was inspired to establish the temple after receiving a divine message from the deity of the waterfall in a dream. Initially, the temple was associated with the Hosso sect of Buddhism.
Development and Reconstruction:
The present main hall of Kiyomizu-dera was constructed in 1633 during the Edo period under the order of Tokugawa Iemitsu. The temple's wooden stage, known as the Kiyomizu Stage, was constructed without the use of nails and extends out from the main hall, supported by a series of wooden pillars. The stage is a famous symbol of Kiyomizu-dera and offers breathtaking views of cherry blossoms in spring and colorful foliage in autumn.
Jishu Shrine and Love Stones:
Within the temple complex is a sub-temple called Jishu Shrine, dedicated to the deity of love and matchmaking. Two "love stones" are placed about 18 meters apart, and the legend says that if one successfully walks between the stones with their eyes closed, they will find love. This has become a popular attraction for visitors seeking romance.
Otowa Waterfall:
The Otowa Waterfall, which originally inspired the temple's founding, is another significant feature. Visitors can drink from three streams of the waterfall, each believed to confer a different benefit – longevity, academic success, and a fortunate love life. Drinking from all three streams is considered greedy, as it is thought to bring bad luck.
Cultural Significance and UNESCO World Heritage Status:
Kiyomizu-dera has played a crucial role in Japanese history and culture. The temple's architectural style, set against the backdrop of the Higashiyama mountain range, exemplifies classical Japanese temple design. In 1994, Kiyomizu-dera and other historic monuments of ancient Kyoto were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its cultural importance and contribution to preserving Japan's cultural heritage.
Renovations and Conservation:
Throughout its long history, Kiyomizu-dera has undergone numerous renovations and reconstructions. The main hall and other structures are regularly refurbished using traditional construction techniques to maintain authenticity. The last major renovation of the main hall took place in 2003, and such efforts contributed to preserving the temple for future generations.
Today, Kiyomizu-dera continues to be a popular destination for tourists, pilgrims, and locals alike, attracting millions of visitors each year who come to admire its architecture, experience its cultural traditions, and enjoy the scenic views of Kyoto.